Industrial Power Engineering Handbook – 1st Edition

Part 1:ELECTRIC MOTORSSelection, testing and protection including static controls and hydraulic drives.Deals with 3-phase and single phase a.c. machines, restricted to induction motors and their protective switchgears only. DC drives, synchronous motors or d.c. generators are not covered in this volume. But references have been provided for a d.c. motor and an exhaustive comparison of this machine with an a.c. machine has been drawn, to assist users in an appropriate selection.The volume deals with aspects like shock loading and motors for hazardous locations, open transient condition in the case of HT motors during a switching sequence etc.- Also deals with static controls and drives, soft starting and process control through solid state technology (phasor and field oriented controls) using IGBTs, and energy conservation etc.- There is a special coverage on fluid couplings for soft starting and speed control. A comparison between static drives and variable speed fluid couplings is a unique feature.- Wind mill (induction generator) as a non-conventional energy source, vertical hollow shaft motors and submersible pump sets, selection of belts for transmission of load, phenomenon of shaft currents etc. are some extra topics.- The text covers testing requirements and an introduction to quality assurance systems and application of ISO:9001. – Special coverage on impulse testing of resin rich formed coils and their inhouse testing requirements.Part 2: SWITCHGEAR ASSEMBLIES AND CAPTIVE POWER GENERATIONIncluding painting procedure, instrument transformers and cable selection.- The subjects covered povide the details to specify and then design a switchgear assembly for all power distribution needs. It provides special coverage on draw-out assemblies. To establish the fault level of a system, it has special coverage including the electrodynamic and electromagnetic forces and to tackle these. For calculating the fault level only, rules of thumb and practical assumptions have been considered.- Full painting procedure and its effluent treatment is covered.- Instrument transformers (CTs, class PS CTs, VTs and CVTs etc.) form important components of a switchgear assembly for measurement and protection, and are covered for their specifications, selection and application.- Captive power generation is covered for application to a diesel generating set, its starting, protection, synchronising and load sharing etc. This topic is specially covered as it forms an important part of power distribution at any installation to provide an emergency source of supply.- Cables. Provides data and tables on cables and also underlines the procedure for the selection of the types and sizes of control and LT and HT power cables. Part 3: VOLTAGE SURGES, OVER VOLTAGES AND GROUNDING PRACTICES.Includes causes, effects and remedies and theory of over voltages, ground fault protection schemes and grounding practices.- provides technical support for switchgear assemblies and the machines fed by them, for their surge and over voltage protections.- deals with the BIL of a system, protective margins and insulation coordination etc.- deals with electric motors, surge behaviour and protection.- Reflection of travelling waves and surge transferences. – Application and selection of a surge capacitor and surge arrester.- provides information about the various types of interrupters in use, their switching behaviour, phenomenon of current chopping and quenching of arc plasma etc. It also provides a detailed comparison of the various types of interrupters available- Grounding philosophy and ground fault protection schemes are dealt with, to help an engineer choose the most appropriate grounding method and ground fault protection scheme for a machine or system. – Use of CBCTs and designing of a class PS CT etc.Part 4: POWER CAPACITORSIncludes power factor improvement and reactive power management. Application of shunt and series capacitors.- Reactive control- Harmonic effects and inductive interferences, use of filter and blocking circuits- Protection of capacitors and capacitor banks- covers brief design, manufacturing and test requirements, installation, maintenance and protection etc, the main thrust being on the application of power capacitors.- Application of series capacitors : Analysis of an uncompensated transmission line and capability of power transfer and system regulation with and without series compensation.- basics and behaviour of devices in operation are also discussed. – describes briefly the different types of power reactors required to control the inrush currents or suppress a system’s harmonic disorders, besides absorbing the excessive charging currents on an EHV system. Part 5: BUS SYSTEMSIncludes metal enclosed non-isolated and isolated phase bus systems.- Power transfer constitutes a very important area of a power system. It has been dealt with, in detail for both LT and HT systems and for all ratings. For large to very large ratings, skin and proximity effects are specially dealt with- provides enough material to design, engineer, manufacture and test a bus system of any current and voltage rating.- specifically deals with: Design parameters, Short circuit effects, Electrodynamic and electromagnetic forces, Effects of proximity, Phase interleaving, or Phase transposition.- Designing a reactor for the middle phase to balance a large unbalanced current carrying system.- Recommended practices to mount buses and make bus connections.- Isolated phase bus system- Sample calculations to design an ITP.- Testing of Bus Systems.